Overview
GHK-Cu (glycine-histidine-lysine copper complex) is a naturally occurring tripeptide originally isolated from human plasma. It exhibits a high affinity for copper(II) ions, forming a stable complex that has been studied extensively in dermatological and wound-healing research contexts. GHK-Cu is found in saliva, urine, and plasma at concentrations that decline with age, prompting research into its role in tissue homeostasis and regeneration.
Preclinical research has examined GHK-Cu across a range of biological activities including stimulation of collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in skin fibroblasts, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, induction of antioxidant defense enzymes, and promotion of angiogenesis and nerve outgrowth. Its small molecular weight allows significant tissue penetration compared to larger protein-based molecules.
Mechanism of Action
Research into GHK-Cu focuses on several proposed mechanisms:
- Activation of TGF-β signaling pathways stimulating collagen I, III, and IV synthesis in dermal fibroblasts
- Upregulation of metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9) that remodel extracellular matrix while simultaneously increasing TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression
- Induction of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), reducing oxidative stress in irradiated tissue
- Modulation of α2-macroglobulin and TGF-β1 activity, influencing scar formation versus normal wound healing
- Promotion of VEGF secretion supporting new blood vessel formation in wound beds
Specifications
| Full Name | Copper Tripeptide-1 (GHK-Cu) |
| Sequence | Gly-His-Lys (copper complex) |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₄H₂₄CuN₆O₄ |
| Molecular Weight | 403.9 Da |
| CAS Number | 49557-75-7 |
| Purity | ≥98% (HPLC verified) |
| Form | Lyophilized powder |
| Appearance | Blue-green powder (copper complex) |
| Storage (lyophilized) | −20°C protected from light |
| Storage (reconstituted) | 2–8°C, use within 4–6 weeks |
| Solubility | Water |
Reconstitution
Reconstitution Guide
Reconstitute with sterile water. GHK-Cu dissolves readily due to its small molecular size. Add water slowly to the vial and gently swirl — do not vortex. Store reconstituted solution at 2–8°C in amber vials or wrapped in foil, and use within 4–6 weeks. Protect from light as copper complexes can degrade under prolonged UV exposure.
Quality & Purity
Every batch of GHK-Cu supplied by Trusty Peptide undergoes third-party HPLC testing to verify purity of ≥98%. A Certificate of Analysis (COA) detailing the batch number, test results, and molecular confirmation is included with every order and available on request prior to purchase.
Research Use Only. GHK-Cu is sold strictly for in vitro and laboratory research purposes. This product is not intended for human or veterinary use, and is not a drug, food, or cosmetic. It has not been approved by the FDA or any other regulatory body for human consumption or therapeutic use. All handling should be performed by qualified researchers following applicable safety protocols.